Here's everything research has to say on diphtheria

Diphtheria is a bacterial infection caused by the Corynebacterium diphtheriae bacteria that most commonly affects the respiratory tract, it can also affect the skin and other membranes such as the eyes and genitals. The infection is spread through respiratory droplets and can cause a variety of symptoms, including a sore throat, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a thick, gray-white coating on the back of the throat. In severe cases, diphtheria can cause breathing problems and heart failure.

Diphtheria was once a major cause of illness and death around the world, but the widespread use of vaccines has led to a significant decline in the number of cases. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diphtheria is now considered to be a rare disease in developed countries.

The best way to prevent diphtheria is through vaccination with the Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTP) vaccine. Research has shown that the vaccine is highly effective at preventing diphtheria. Studies have also shown that vaccination can also lead to herd immunity and helps to reduce the spread of the disease in a population.

In addition, research has looked into the epidemiology, risk factors, and genetic diversity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and the development of more effective treatments for diphtheria. In the case of an outbreak, antibiotics, such as erythromycin or penicillin, can be used to treat the disease and prevent the spread of the bacteria.

Diphtheria is still a significant public health problem in some parts of the world, particularly in countries with low vaccination coverage. WHO recommends that all children should be immunized against diphtheria as part of the routine childhood immunization schedule.